Which term describes vowels that are controlled by a following consonant?

The term that describes vowels that are controlled by a following consonant is known as R-controlled vowels. In the case of R-controlled vowels, the presence of the consonant 'r' affects the sound of the vowel that precedes it, creating a distinctive pronunciation that is neither entirely short nor long. This interaction alters the way the vowel is articulated, making it unique. For example, in the words "car," "her," and "bird," the 'r' significantly influences how the vowel is pronounced, deviating from typical vowel sounds found in isolation.

Diphthong vowels, on the other hand, involve a glide from one vowel sound to another within the same syllable but do not involve the influence of a consonant. Short and long vowels refer to the length of time a vowel sound is pronounced and do not convey the same relationship with a following consonant as R-controlled vowels do. Therefore, understanding R-controlled vowels is essential for grasping how vowel sounds can be modified by subsequent consonants.