Schema theory emphasizes the importance of what in reading comprehension?

Schema theory highlights the significance of activating prior knowledge to enhance reading comprehension. This theory posits that individuals possess mental structures, or schemas, that are developed through past experiences and knowledge. When readers encounter new information, they do not process it in isolation; instead, they link it to these existing schemas. Activating prior knowledge allows readers to create connections between what they already know and the new information presented in the text. This process not only aids in understanding but also enhances memory retention, making it easier for readers to integrate new concepts and ideas.

In contrast, minimizing prior knowledge or focusing solely on the text would hinder comprehension because it disregards the wealth of context and background that can inform understanding. Using only new information would also be detrimental, as it fails to leverage the reader's existing knowledge base, which is crucial for making sense of unfamiliar content. Thus, the emphasis on activating prior knowledge plays a critical role in facilitating effective comprehension and deepening the reader's grasp of the material.